Heavy or Light?

  The father of modern day bodybuilding, Eugen Sandow, used 5 lb dumbbells for 50–100 repetitions in a daily workout of about 20 exercises lasting approximately an hour. He could also lift heavy weights but did not advocate that as a training style — but as a skill, as heavy weight lifting is actually, just as others would choose many other sports and activities to specialize in.

The major objective was to be as healthy and well-functioning as possible — to do whatever you want to do. That obviously begins with being as muscular as possible — rather than flabby, grossly underweight, unprepared and unpracticed. So the common theme underlining all fitness activities is to be at peak readiness for whatever one chooses to do — all their lives, and not sacrifice everything, including one’s health for a momentary glory and achievement — and even perish in the process — as is the lore of competitive bodybuilding — while the concept of general and healthful bodybuilding throughout one’s life, is always a good idea.

Every living being does that — as the survival imperative. That means being prepared for all the challenges of life — and not just the one — that is often the one that will prove fatal, or remain their greatest vulnerability until the end. One specifically hopes to strengthen that weakness so it is not the limiting factor In all one' does. That might be performance style as well as pure strength — and every record holder, prides themselves on their style and technique — over brute force and strength. Even the apex predators of land, sea, and sky, are renowned by their technique as the summation of their strengths.

But more importantly, it enabled the weak to become strong — not because of the resistance — but because of the technique for achieving that effect (result). In fact, it was noted that the resistance (weight) used, was not directly correlated to the results one got — but the manner of performance (form) was the greater common denominator in every activity. While not everybody can be the world record holder in that event, everyone can perfect their own form and function — which is their unique event of accomplishment. The right weight for that individual, is that weight that enables them to perfect their form and performance — regardless of the weight and resistance. More often than not, increasing the weight degrades the form — and every subsequent repetition degrades it further and is non- or counterproductive, and eventually injurious.

Meanwhile, the person who perfects their form, and maintains that standard throughout their lives — remain in exemplary condition and shape — and those repetitions are worth repeating. A famous YouTuber, Ric Drasin used to interview the former greats of bodybuilding — of which a common complaint was that they no longer got a pump — even despite doing the same thing they used to — mainly because the weights they were using were almost the same, while their forms in the manner of performance had greatly deteriorated — as to be virtually unrecognizable as that same exercise.

The proper course of action would have been to reduce the weight (resistance) significantly in order to perform at least one good repetition — which was now shortened to a movement of only a few inches — if that, and totally eliminating the most productive part of the movement, which was the muscle in full contraction. Their rationale for not going there anymore, was that range was no longer available to them because of the damage to their joints from years of lifting too heavy weights. The proper prescription at that point, is to reduce the weight to enable proper performance — over any other consideration, and then repeating that for a target of 50 repetitions — which is indicative that they could do more, or continue indefinitely if they had to. In that manner, they become an aerobic activity — which can be sustained indefinitely as long as required.

Most people in gyms do not do 50 repetitions of any exercise because they can’t — no matter how light the weight because their muscle fatigues — if done improperly, or anaerobically. That is to say that they run out of capacity because they are holding their breath, or breathing too shallowly. Meanwhile, they are not contracting and relaxing a muscle to constitute one complete movement (rep), but are merely holding a muscle in a fixed state of semi contraction while leveraging the weight up and down with the rest of their bodyweight. That was the rationale for Arthur Jones’ design of the Nautilus machines to provide variable resistance throughout the full range around one axis (focus) of movement — virtually going from zero to 100% of resistance — as the muscle involved moved from full relaxation to full contraction.

The problem with that thesis is that most trainees started with 100% of resistance at the position of greatest weakness and vulnerability — and never reached fullest muscle contraction because of that manner of performance. So in essence, they overrode the design genius, and made the movement worse — in using too heavy a weight. The proper course would have been to choose the right weight in the weakest position, and slowly increase the range of movement in the fully contracted position they could not come close to attaining by selecting too heavy a weight to start the movement with. So when those machines did not achieve the result he predicted for everybody, he thought it was necessary to create another line of machines for therapeutic and weaker individuals.

The flaw was not that they needed to add more weight — but needed to lighten the weight to enable the fullest range of movement — and doing more repetitions of that proper movement up to 50 times — which is virtually guaranteed to produce a pump in everybody, from the weakest to the strongest — because it has to! But in every video of training sessions and styles, that proper usage is absent — and overridden by the desire to use as much weight as possible. Not only is that unnecessary but counterproductive — because the major complaint among the old and disabled, is that they tire easily — and that is what prevents them from exercising productively and more intensely.

They require a manner of training, that increases their momentary ability to persist and endure — over any exertion that exhausts them from continuing — even if that prohibition comes from the many who claim to know better academically and theoretically what people should be doing — but can’t. More familiar versions of such advice is to ask that an untrained person do ten pullups — when they can’t even do one — but should continue practicing until they can do ten.